Internet filters are software tools that help monitor web content viewed on a specific computer or network. These filters operate on a series of categories. Filter companies utilize the categories to create filter profiles. these profiles are categorized into adult filters and children filters. Adult profiles allow most content, with the exception of nudity, through the filter. children profiles allow things that are appropriate for children. this excludes violent images, nudity and explicit language. If a site is not categorized, it may be blocked.
Librarians mainly use internet filters. Library filters allow the administrator to pick and choose what categories to block. Home filters do not really allow this access. Most filters have a mechanism in them to override blocked pages by using the administrator password. This mechanism allows the user to modify the companies filter classification systems to more closely match library settings. Parental control software allows parents to monitor what their children do on the internet. This type of software can help children stay off of porn sites, social network, and potentially keep them away from cyber bullying.
Sources: https://infopeople.org/resources/filtering/how
http://www.microsoft.com/security/resources/internetfilters-whatis.aspx
http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2346997,00.asp
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